Chronic venous insufficiency is characterized by which of the following?

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is primarily characterized by stasis and progressive edema in the lower extremities. This condition occurs when the veins are unable to efficiently return blood to the heart, leading to increased venous pressure. As a result, there is an accumulation of fluid in the surrounding tissues, which manifests as swelling (edema). Over time, the persistent venous hypertension can cause skin changes, ulcerations, and even complications such as varicose veins.

The presence of stasis is a key factor; it indicates that blood is pooling in the veins rather than being effectively pushed back towards the heart. This fluid buildup contributes to the gradual worsening of edema, making it a hallmark for patients with CVI. Understanding this characteristic helps in both diagnosis and management of the condition, emphasizing the need for interventions that improve venous return and reduce edema.